{"id":1937,"date":"2016-05-18T15:38:38","date_gmt":"2016-05-18T13:38:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogautosphere.creatic-agency.fr\/ray-harroun-et-le-retroviseur-controverse\/"},"modified":"2022-11-22T11:16:26","modified_gmt":"2022-11-22T09:16:26","slug":"ray-harroun-et-le-retroviseur-controverse","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.autosphere.fr\/blog\/ray-harroun-et-le-retroviseur-controverse\/","title":{"rendered":"Ray Harroun et le r\u00e9troviseur controvers\u00e9"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"custom-post-container\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Comment un r\u00e9troviseur est \u00e0 l\u2019origine de la victoire de Ray Harroun lors de la premi\u00e8re \u00e9dition des 500 miles d\u2019Indianapolis.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Cette ann\u00e9e marque la centi\u00e8me \u00e9dition des 500 Miles d\u2019Indianapolis, l\u2019une des trois plus prestigieuses courses automobiles du monde avec le Grand Prix de Formule 1 de Monaco et les 24 Heures du Mans. L\u2019occasion de nous pencher sur la toute premi\u00e8re \u00e9dition de cette course. Nous sommes le 30 mai 1911 sur l\u2019Indianapolis Motor Speedway et 40 voitures prennent le d\u00e9part. Quelques 6 heures et 42 minutes plus tard, \u00e0 une moyenne de 120 km\/h, Ray Harroun sur sa Marmon jaune (surnom\u00e9e <em>the wasp<\/em>, la gu\u00eape) triomphe devant quelques 80 000 spectateurs tandis que de nombreux concurrents contestent le r\u00e9sultat.<\/p>\n<h2>Seul \u00e0 bord<\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.autosphere.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/7d2edf130b93ea90199d87371a218a0d.jpg\"><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">La contestation de la victoire de Ray Harroun venait tout d\u2019abord d\u2019un \u00e9trange appendice sur le capot de la voiture num\u00e9ro 32. Tenu par 4 fins bras m\u00e9talliques, une boite au format plut\u00f4t a\u00e9rodynamique. Elle contient, face \u00e0 Ray Harroun, ce qu\u2019il est depuis appel\u00e9 un r\u00e9troviseur. Un miroir d\u2019un peu plus de 20 centim\u00e8tres de large et de 7 de haut qui permettait non seulement \u00e0 Ray Harroun de voir le positionnement de ses adversaires ainsi de se passer du m\u00e9canicien qui embarquait sur les 39 autres voitures sur la ligne de d\u00e9part. Ces derniers \u00e9taient charg\u00e9s d\u2019informer le pilote sur ce qu\u2019il se passait \u00e0 l\u2019arri\u00e8re ! Soulag\u00e9 de 60 \u00e0 90 kilos (synonyme de moindre consommation) et b\u00e9n\u00e9ficiant d\u2019une meilleure a\u00e9rodynamique (r\u00e9sistance \u00e0 l\u2019air et appui), Ray Harroun a remport\u00e9 la course, n\u2019\u00e9tant relay\u00e9 que l\u2019espace de 35 tours (sur 200) par un certain Cyrus Patschke, bien que son nom ne soit pas grav\u00e9 sur le Borg-Warner Trophy. <\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Une situation qui exasp\u00e9ra nombre de concurrents, qui ont contest\u00e9 le r\u00e9sultat. En vain. Apr\u00e8s tout, en d\u00e9pit de cet avantage important bas\u00e9 sur une lecture attentive du r\u00e8glement et d\u2019une id\u00e9e de g\u00e9nie, Ray Harroun a remport\u00e9 une course de pr\u00e8s de 7 heures avec moins de 2 minutes d&#8217;avance sur le deuxi\u00e8me. Les pages \u00ab History \u00bb du site de l\u2019<a href=\"http:\/\/www.indianapolismotorspeedway.com\/history\/people-of-ims\/indianapolis-500-drivers\/ray-harroun\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">IMS<\/a> indiquent que le pilote se serait inspir\u00e9 d\u2019un syst\u00e8me comparable vu quelques ann\u00e9es plus t\u00f4t sur une cal\u00e8che \u00e0 Chicago.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">L\u2019usage du r\u00e9troviseur fut interdit jusqu\u2019en 1922 (ainsi qu\u2019entre 1930 et 1937) au profit d\u2019un m\u00e9canicien accompagnant comme expressivement stipul\u00e9 dans le r\u00e8glement. Nous n\u2019\u00e9tions vraiment pas dans l\u2019\u00e8re de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 routi\u00e8re, ni m\u00eame celle des gentlemen racers mais dans celle des pionniers du sport auto. <\/p>\n<h2>Des doutes sur le d\u00e9compte des tours<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">La contestation de la victoire de Ray Harroun ne reposait pas seulement sur l\u2019usage d\u2019un r\u00e9troviseur et l\u2019absence d\u2019un m\u00e9canicien \u00e0 bord. Il demeure aujourd\u2019hui encore une certaine confusion sur le d\u00e9compte des tours accompli (ou pas) par Ray Harroun. Au conditionnel, les officiels charg\u00e9s du d\u00e9compte des tours auraient compt\u00e9 un tour en trop au pilote de la Marmon num\u00e9ro 32 (lors d\u2019un arr\u00eat prolong\u00e9 aux stands sur crevaison) si bien que pour certains, Ray Harroun n\u2019aurait pas gagn\u00e9 la premi\u00e8re \u00e9dition de la 500 Miles d\u2019Indianapolis, mais bien Ralph Mulford \u00e0 bord d\u2019une Lozier. L\u2019\u00e9nigme reste enti\u00e8re, officiellement c\u2019est bien le portrait de Ray Harroun qui est sur le Borg-Warner Trophy. En attendant peut-\u00eatre celui de Simon Pagenaud ?<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Avec le&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2016\/05\/17\/sports\/autoracing\/at-indianapolis-500-innovation-began-with-a-look-back.html?WT.mc_id=2016-MAY-OTB-INTL_AUD_DEV-0510-0531&#038;WT.mc_ev=click&#038;ad-keywords=IntlAudDev&#038;_r=0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">New-York Times<\/a>, photo de la Marmon :&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.honestcharley.com\/garage\/our-work\/1911-marmon-wasp\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Honest Charley<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Comment un r\u00e9troviseur est \u00e0 l\u2019origine de la victoire de Ray Harroun lors de la premi\u00e8re \u00e9dition des 500 miles d\u2019Indianapolis. Cette ann\u00e9e marque la centi\u00e8me \u00e9dition des 500 Miles d\u2019Indianapolis, l\u2019une des trois plus prestigieuses courses automobiles du monde avec le Grand Prix de Formule 1 de Monaco et les 24 Heures du Mans. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1938,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"marque":[],"class_list":["post-1937","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actualites"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Ray Harroun et le r\u00e9troviseur controvers\u00e9 - Blog Autosphere<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.autosphere.fr\/blog\/ray-harroun-et-le-retroviseur-controverse\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ray Harroun et le r\u00e9troviseur controvers\u00e9 - Blog Autosphere\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Comment un r\u00e9troviseur est \u00e0 l\u2019origine de la victoire de Ray Harroun lors de la premi\u00e8re \u00e9dition des 500 miles d\u2019Indianapolis. Cette ann\u00e9e marque la centi\u00e8me \u00e9dition des 500 Miles d\u2019Indianapolis, l\u2019une des trois plus prestigieuses courses automobiles du monde avec le Grand Prix de Formule 1 de Monaco et les 24 Heures du Mans. 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